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Installing Struts Jakarta Struts 7.0

Although Struts is no longer used as heavily as Spring Boot 3, can you describe the process for installing Jakarta Struts 7.
Jakarta Struts 7 is the latest iteration of the Apache Struts framework, now under the Jakarta EE umbrella. The installation process involves setting up dependencies, configuring the web application, and running a test deployment.
Installing Jakarta Struts 7
Step 1: Set Up Your Development Environment
Before installing Struts 7, ensure you have the following installed:
Step 2: Create a Maven-Based Web Application
Struts 7 can be integrated into a Maven-based web application. Create a new Maven project: 
mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.example -DartifactId=struts7-demo -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DinteractiveMode=false

Navigate into your project directory: 
cd struts7-demo

Step 3: Add Jakarta Struts 7 Dependencies Modify your `pom.xml` to include Struts 7: 
<dependencies>
    <!-- Jakarta Struts Core -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
        <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
        <version>7.0.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Jakarta Servlet API -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>jakarta.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jakarta.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>6.0.0</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Optional: JSON Plugin for REST Support -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
        <artifactId>struts2-json-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>7.0.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Optional: Logging -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.9</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>


Then, update dependencies: 
mvn clean install

Step 4: Configure `web.xml`
Create or update `src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml` to configure Struts. 
<web-app xmlns="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee
         https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee/web-app_6_0.xsd"
         version="6.0">
  
    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

Step 5: Create `struts.xml` Create a new file at `src/main/resources/struts.xml`: 
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
    "https://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">

<struts>
    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
        <action name="hello" class="com.example.action.HelloAction">
            <result name="success">/hello.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>
</struts>

Step 6: Create Action Class
Create a Java class at `src/main/java/com/example/action/HelloAction.java`: 

package com.example.action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class HelloAction extends ActionSupport {
    private String message;

    public String execute() {
        message = "Welcome to Jakarta Struts 7!";
        return SUCCESS;
    }

    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }
}

Step 7: Create JSP View
Create a JSP file at `src/main/webapp/hello.jsp`: 
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<html>
<head><title>Struts 7 Demo</title></head>
<body>
    <h1><s:property value="message"/></h1>
</body>
</html>

Step 8: Build and Deploy the Application
Run the following command to build the WAR file: 
mvn package

Deploy `target/struts7-demo.war` to Tomcat’s `webapps` directory.
Start Tomcat and access the application: 
http://localhost:8080/struts7-demo/hello

You should see the message "Welcome to Jakarta Struts 7!" on the page.

 

Conclusion Jakarta Struts 7 is configured similarly to previous versions, but it is now aligned with Jakarta EE 10. You need to use Jakarta Servlet 6.0+ and deploy on a compatible container like Tomcat 10+.
For configuring the struts for you application refer to Configuring Struts.
For Struts documentation, install notes, and downloads, see the official Struts Home page.

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